MATHEMATICS

The Churchill High School Mathematics Department has the following goals for its courses:

• To make mathematics inviting and accessible to a wide range of students.
• To provide students with sufficient opportunities to attain the Certificate of Initial Mastery (CIM) by completion of Algebra 1 and Geometry.
• To increase a student’s ability to problem solve, and to organize and interpret data.
• To help each student to develop to his/her ability, and then stretch a little more.
• To help students see the role mathematics plays in future career and educational choices.
• To connect mathematics to the real world and to other subjects.

The role of mathematics as the language of science and technology is increasing rapidly in our society. One such development is the use of calculator and computer technology to aid in the solution of problems and the interpretation of data. In our materials, topics are developed around realistic situations. As a result, the numbers and calculations in those situations are more cumbersome than usual and require the use of calculators or computers. Therefore, for Elements of Algebra, Algebra 1 and Geometry, we require at least a scientific calculator, and suggest a graphing calculator. For Algebra 2 and beyond, we require a graphing calculator. Most colleges in Oregon, as well as the AP Calculus examination, require the use of graphing calculators.

In an effort to assist all students to attain the Certificate of Initial Mastery (CIM), we require Algebra 1 as a minimum first course for our incoming students. The only exception would be for those few students who require a one-year pre-algebra skills course, called Elements of Algebra. Following successful completion of this course, students will enroll in Algebra 1. This minimum would enable more students to reach higher-level math, math that is necessary in an advancing technological society.

College Now
The College Now program is the method by which LCC classes are taught in Lane County high schools. Students receive LCC credit, and at the same time are granted high school credit for their work. The program seeks to provide high quality coursework that will challenge the student. It also provides college transfer information through conferences and LCC tours. College Now enables the student to make a smoother transition from secondary to post-secondary education. College Now courses are not just for those students who plan to attend Lane Community College. The credits earned in College Now classes are transferable to most universities. Lane Community College charges each student a fee of $30 for the year. College Now students will need to purchase the text required by Lane Community College. It is estimated the text will cost approximately $95.

The chart shown below illustrates our suggested sequence of courses. We make every effort to place students in courses appropriate to their mathematical backgrounds and future goals. It should be noted that four year state universities in Oregon require successful completion of coursework through Algebra 2 as an admission standard

Notes:
1. Classes that are starred (*) are necessary for the Mathematics Studies IB exam.
2. Classes that are double starred (**) are necessary for the Mathematics Methods IB exam.
3. Success in Algebra 1 and Geometry should enable a student to meet the mathematics requirement of the CIM when completed by the student’s sophomore year.
4. Emphasis in all courses is placed on the student’s success in communicating understanding of the problem, an appropriate mathematical process, the answer and its reasonableness.
5. A grade of D in a math class has proved to be insufficient preparation for the next course in the sequence. Therefore, students receiving a D grade must repeat that course before moving on to the next course in the sequence.

MATHEMATICS COURSE DESCRIPTIONS

ELEMENTS OF ALGEBRA MA 1.0 Credit
9,10
Prerequisite: Departmental consent, teacher recommendation

This full-year class is intended to prepare students for Algebra 1 and will combine a review of the basic skills needed for Algebra. It will allow students a more gradual transition from the concrete to the abstract, with more hands-on activities, and more practice with basic skills. Topics will include number systems, including fractions, decimals, and negative numbers, the use of variables and formulas, and solving and graphing equations. Opportunities will be given for students to complete work samples.

Equipment required: Scientific calculator, graph paper
Next recommended course: Algebra 1

FRESHMEN ONLY
ELEMENTS/ALGEBRA 1
CONDENSED
MA 1.0 Credit
9
Prerequisite: Departmental consent, teacher recommendation

Freshmen students receive 2 full years of math credit by meeting every day, rather than every other day. The first semester will provide students with a full year of Elements of Algebra (see description). The second semester will provide a full year of Algebra 1 (see description). The idea is to get students back up to grade level if they begin high school below Algebra 1.

Equipment required: Scientific calculator, graph paper
Next recommended course: Geometry

ALGEBRA 1
MA 1.0 Credit
9, 10
Prerequisite: Elements of Algebra, another Pre-Algebra class, or teacher recommendation

Algebra 1 is a full-year class. Topics covered are working with numbers, functions, graphing, solving equations, linear systems, exponents, polynomials and algebraic properties. Geometry, statistics and probability, reading and problem solving are emphasized throughout. All the units highlight the skills, properties, uses, and representations of mathematics as it applies to Algebra. There will be opportunities throughout for CIM work samples and review.

Equipment required: Scientific calculator, ruler
Next recommended course: Geometry

GEOMETRY
MA 1.0 Credit
9, 10, 11, 12
Prerequisite: Algebra 1

Geometry is primarily the study of spatial relationships. In this course, students will investigate these ideas through coordinate systems, constructions, measurement formulas, and deductive and inductive reasoning. Throughout, there will be continuing review and applications of algebraic skills.

Equipment required: Scientific calculator (graphing calculator optional), ruler (standard and metric), protractor, colored pencils and drawing compass
Next recommended course: Algebra 2 or Intermediate Algebra

INTERMEDIATE ALGEBRA
MA 1.0 Credit
9, 10, 11, 12
Prerequisites: Algebra 1 and Geometry

Frequently, students who have not mastered the skills in the first year Algebra course experience difficulty when continuing on to more advanced courses. This course is designed to give students the skills and confidence in Algebra to continue taking those courses.

Students in this course will review many of the key topics of Algebra 1 and extend those topics to develop skills that will be needed in successive math classes. Problem solving, skill development, and applications of algebra and geometry will be emphasized throughout the course.

Equipment required: Scientific or graphing calculator, ruler, graph paper
Next recommended course: Algebra 2

ALGEBRA 2
MA 1.0 Credit
9, 10, 11, 12
Prerequisite: C or better in Geometry AND a qualifying score on placement exam, or C or better in Intermediate Algebra

Algebra 2 emphasizes further skill in Algebra. Students will work with algebraic expressions, linear and quadratic expressions, powers and roots, functions, logarithms, trigonometry, modeling mathematics in real-world situations, and continue to apply geometrical ideas learned in Geometry. This course is required as a minimum level for students planning to attend a 4-year college.

Equipment required: Graphing calculator. TI-83+ is recommended. Teacher will demonstrate with a TI-83.
Next recommended course: Precalculus or College Now Precalculus

IB MATH (PRECALCULUS)
MA 1.0 Credit
11, 12
Prerequisite: Algebra 2 with a strong C or better

This course provides a strong foundation of Precalculus concepts, techniques and applications to prepare students for IB Math Studies and more advanced work. Topics will include functions, graphs, applications of trigonometry, data analysis, probability and statistics, and an introduction to calculus. Opportunities for using graphic calculators are integrated throughout.

Equipment required: Graph paper, graphing calculator (TI-83+ of TI-84+ recommended)
Next recommended course: AP Calculus or Contemporary Mathematics

INTEGRATED MATH & SCIENCE
MA 1.0 Credit
9, 10, 11, 12
This is an introductory course, designed for students that struggle with math and/or science content. It will include a variety of topics that may include data analysis, graphing, averaging, fractions, decimals and percents, as well as biology, earth science, forensics, basic chemistry and physical science topics. Students will gain experience using the scientific method and problem solving strategies. Entrance into Algebra will only be permitted with teacher recommendation.

SLC PROGRAM COURSES

ACADEMY OF BUSINESS & LAW SLC—ALGEBRA
MA 1.0 Credit
9, 10, 11, 12
This academy is a two-year program integrating English, social sciences, mathematics, and technology as it relates to business and law. Oregon State Standards will be incorporated into the curriculum with the goal of every student earning a CIM by the end of the second year.

Students in this academy will participate in courses involving core subject areas with an additional seminar component. Students will complete projects that expand and support the curriculum. Current events, global issues, and service learning will be studied in relation to business and law. Students completing the first year of the academy will earn 4.0 credits, 1.0 each in social studies, English, mathematics, and technology. Students will have the same group of three teachers throughout their freshman and sophomore years.

• Numbers, functions and
graphing
• Solving equations
• Algebraic properties
• Linear systems
• Exponents
• Polynomials
Through these components students will develop a strong knowledge of U.S. and world events and their connection to past and present day business and law. Practice in speaking, discussion of current issues, and debate will help build personal confidence in the business world. Mathematic concepts will also be intertwined in the development of student projects related to current business and law practices. For more information on the Academy of Business & Law SLC program, see page 24.

Equipment required: Scientific calculator, ruler
Next recommended course:
Academy of Business & Law Geometry

ACADEMY OF BUSINESS & LAW SLC—GEOMETRY
MA 1.0 Credit
9, 10
This academy is a two-year program integrating English, social sciences, mathematics, and technology as it relates to business and law. Oregon State Standards will be incorporated into the curriculum with the goal of every student earning a CIM by the end of the second year.

Geometry is primarily the study of spatial relationships. Students will investigate these ideas through coordinate systems, constructions, measurement formulas, and deductive and inductive reasoning. Throughout, there will be continuing review and applications of algebraic skills.
Students in this academy will participate in courses involving core subject areas with an additional seminar component. Students will complete projects that expand and support the curriculum. Current events, global issues, and service learning will be studied in relation to business and law. Students completing the first year of the academy will earn 4.0 credits, 1.0 each in social studies, English, mathematics, and technology. Students will have the same group of three teachers throughout their freshman and sophomore years.

Through these components students will develop a strong knowledge of U.S. and world events and their connection to past and present day business and law. Practice in speaking, discussion of current issues, and debate will help build personal confidence in the business world. Mathematic concepts will also be intertwined in the development of student projects related to current business and law practices. For more information on the Academy of Business & Law SLC program, see page 24.

Equipment required: Scientific calculator (graphing calculator optional), ruler (standard and metric), protractor, colored pencils and drawing compass
Next recommended course: Algebra 2

COLLEGE CREDIT COURSES

HONORS PRECALCULUS
College Now Program
MA 1.0 Credit
11, 12
Prerequisite: Algebra 2 with grade of strong B or better, or instructor consent

This course is equivalent to Math 111 and Math 112 at most colleges and universities. Nine credit hours (5 for Math 111 and 4 for Math 112) of college transferable credit can be earned through LCC.

First semester is a college level algebra course (Math 111) designed to study basic functions and their applications. Included will be polynomial, rational, exponential, and logarithmic functions and their inverses. Other topics include systems of equations and an introduction to series and sequences.

Second semester will cover trigonometry, and is equivalent to Math 112. Major topics covered include radian measure, circular functions and their graphs, right triangle ratios and related trigonometric functions, identities, solving trigonometric equations, law of sines, law of cosines, and applications. As time allows, other topics will include polar coordinates, parametric equations, and conic sections.

Fee: $30 per year, if college credit is desired
Text Book: Purchased by the student. Estimated cost: $95
Equipment required: Graphing calculator (TI-83+ or TI-84+ recommended) Instructor will demonstrate with a TI-83+.

INTRODUCTION TO CONTEMPORARY MATHEMATICS
College Now Program
MA 1.0 Credit
11, 12
Prerequisites: Algebra 2 with a grade of B or better or instructor consent

This course is a survey of applications of Mathematics topics for non-science and non-math majors, and will include statistics, linear programming, mathematical modeling, logic, graph theory and networks. Applications will include planning and scheduling, and the study of growth in biology and finance.
This course is designed for seniors who wish to earn college credit, but do not desire to take Precalculus or AP Calculus. Students can earn 4 college credits for Math 105 and 4 credits for Math 106 through Lane Community College, as a part of the College Now program. These credits are transferable to most universities. These credits are transferable to most universities and are in addition to the 1.0 high school credit that will count toward high school graduation.

Fee: None
Text Book: Purchased by the student. Estimated cost: $80
Equipment required: Graphing calculator (TI-83+ or TI-84+ recommended) Instructor will demonstrate with TI-83+.

AP CALCULUS
MA 1.0 Credit
11, 12
Prerequisite: Precalculus or College Now Precalculus

AP Calculus is a full-year course equivalent to the first two terms of calculus at most colleges and universities. The primary objective is to give students a substantial understanding of differential and integral calculus. The course follows the Calculus AB Advanced Placement Syllabus and prepares students for the Advanced Placement Examination, where the students can earn college credit. The course also provides the opportunity to earn 5 college credits for Math 251 and 5 credits for Math 252 through LCC as a part of the College Now Program. These credits are transferable to most universities and are in addition to the 1.0 high school credit that will count toward high school graduation. Opportunities for using calculators and computers are integrated throughout.

Fee: None
Text Book: Purchased by the student. Estimated cost: $80
Equipment required: Graphing calculator, TI-83+, TI-84+ or TI-89 are recommended. Instructor will demonstrate with a TI-83.